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      OpenFOAM 中用手动并行分块的方法
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        <p>OpenFOAM 提供了许多并行区域划分的方法，常用的有 simple，scotch 等。但是，有时候希望能手动地将指定区域指派给一个进程，幸运的是 OpenFOAM 提供了这样的功能。本篇就来介绍一下如何进行手动并行分块。</p>
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<p>以自带的 dambreak 算例为例，首先，将分块方法设置为 simple，<br><figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">numberOfSubdomains <span class="number">4</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">method          simple;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">simpleCoeffs</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    n               ( <span class="number">2</span> <span class="number">2</span> <span class="number">1</span> );</span><br><span class="line">    delta           <span class="number">0.001</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>然后，运行<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">decomposePar -cellDist</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>于是便在 0 下面得到一个 <code>volScalarField</code>：<code>cellDist</code>。<br><figure class="highlight gherkin"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FoamFile</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    version     2.0;</span><br><span class="line">    format      ascii;</span><br><span class="line">    class       volScalarField;</span><br><span class="line">    location    <span class="string">"0"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    object      cellDist;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">// <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> //</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">internalField   nonuniform List<span class="variable">&lt;scalar&gt;</span> </span><br><span class="line">2268</span><br><span class="line">(</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line">);</span><br><span class="line">boundaryField</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    ......</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>注意，上面可以看到， <code>cellDist</code> 的值是 1 和 0 等，这个值，对应着将来该网格将被分配到的 processor 的id。</p>
<p>所以，如果将 <code>cellDist</code> 当成是一个标量场，然后用设置初始场的工具对其值进行初始化，将来就能将对应网格手动分配到 <code>cellDist</code> 的值对应的进程。</p>
<p>OpenFOAM 自带的设置初始场的工具是 <code>setFields</code> ， <code>swak4Foam</code> 中的 <code>funkySetField</code> 也是可以的。这里介绍 <code>setFields</code> 的用法。</p>
<p>使用 <code>setFields</code> ，需要编写 <code>setFieldsDict</code>，示例如下<br><figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">defaultFieldValues</span><br><span class="line">(</span><br><span class="line">    volScalarFieldValue cellDist <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">regions</span><br><span class="line">(</span><br><span class="line">    boxToCell</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        box (<span class="number">0</span> <span class="number">0</span> -<span class="number">1</span>) (<span class="number">0.2</span> <span class="number">0.2</span> <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        fieldValues</span><br><span class="line">        (</span><br><span class="line">            volScalarFieldValue cellDist <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">        );</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    boxToCell</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        box (<span class="number">0</span> <span class="number">0.2</span> -<span class="number">1</span>) (<span class="number">0.2</span> <span class="number">0.6</span> <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        fieldValues</span><br><span class="line">        (</span><br><span class="line">            volScalarFieldValue cellDist <span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line">        );</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    boxToCell</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        box (<span class="number">0.2</span> <span class="number">0.2</span> -<span class="number">1</span>) (<span class="number">0.6</span> <span class="number">0.6</span> <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        fieldValues</span><br><span class="line">        (</span><br><span class="line">            volScalarFieldValue cellDist <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line">        );</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>这里，用的是最简单的 <code>boxToCell</code>，即指定一个 box 中的网格的 <code>cellDist</code> 值。 <code>setFields</code> 还有很多种方式来设置初始值。这里再举一个例子，可以先用 <code>topoSet</code> 来将指定区域的网格先提取到 <code>cellSet</code> ，然后，对整个 <code>cellSet</code> 的网格的 <code>cellDist</code> 值进行指定，示例如下：<br><figure class="highlight lisp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">defaultFieldValues <span class="list">( <span class="keyword">volScalarFieldValue</span> cellDist <span class="number">0</span> )</span><span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">regions         </span><br><span class="line"><span class="list">(</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">cellToCell</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        set cellSet1 <span class="comment">; </span></span><br><span class="line">        fieldValues</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="list">( </span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">volScalarFieldValue</span> cellDist <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">        )</span><span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    cellToCell1</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        set cellSet2 <span class="comment">; </span></span><br><span class="line">        fieldValues</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="list">( </span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">volScalarFieldValue</span> cellDist <span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line">        )</span><span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">)</span><span class="comment">;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><code>topoSet</code> 的用法这里不举例了，有很多花样，详细的信息可以参考 <code>applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/topoSet/topoSetDict</code> 中的说明。</p>
<p>设置好 <code>setFieldDict</code>以后，运行 <code>setFields</code>，便对 <code>cellDist</code> 的值进行了修改，可视化如下</p>
<p><img src="/image/cellDistValue.png" alt=""></p>
<p>下一步，需要根据 <code>cellDist</code> 的值来创建一个 <code>labelList</code>，因为手动分块的时候，需要的是一个 <code>labelList</code> 。<br>在constant下创建一个文件， <code>cellDecomposition</code> ，内容如下<br><figure class="highlight gherkin"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FoamFile</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    version     2.0;</span><br><span class="line">    format      ascii;</span><br><span class="line">    class       labelList;</span><br><span class="line">    location    <span class="string">"constant"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    object      cellDecomposition;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">// <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> <span class="keyword">*</span> //</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">2268</span><br><span class="line">(</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">0</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">......</span><br><span class="line">)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>注意文件头的写法。 <code>()</code> 内的内容与 <code>cellDist</code> 文件中 <code>()</code> 内的内容一样。</p>
<p>再下一步，就是修改 <code>decomposeParDict</code><br><figure class="highlight nimrod"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">numberOfSubdomains <span class="number">4</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">method</span>           manual;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">manualCoeffs</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    dataFile        <span class="string">"cellDecomposition"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>然后再运行 <code>decomposePar -force</code>，这样就得到了根据 <code>cellDist</code> 值来指定的分块方式，如下</p>
<p><img src="/image/decomposition.png" alt=""></p>
<p>注意看这里的进程边界，跟上图中 <code>cellDist</code> 的值的边界是一样的。</p>

      
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